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CTD (instrument)
A CTD or Sonde is an oceanography instrument used to determine the conductivity, temperature, and depth of the ocean.〔(CTD (Sonde) Profiling Instruments )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.awi.de/en/research/research_divisions/climate_science/observational_oceanography/instruments/ctd_and_water_sampler/ )〕
The CTD may be incorporated into an array of Niskin bottles referred to as a carousel or rosette. The sampling bottles close at predefined depths, triggered either manually or by a computer, and the water samples may subsequently be analyzed further for biological and chemical parameters.
The CTD may also be used for the calibration of sensors.
== Measured properties ==
The instrument is a cluster of sensors which measure conductivity, temperature, and pressure. Sensors commonly scan at a rate of 24 Hz. Depth measurements are derived from measurement of hydrostatic pressure, and salinity is measured from electrical conductivity.〔Pickard and Emery 1990, p 100〕 Sensors are arranged inside a metal housing, the metal used for the housing determining the depth to which the CTD can be lowered. Titanium housings allow sampling to depths in excess of .〔 Other sensors may be added to the cluster, including some that measure chemical or biological parameters, such as dissolved oxygen and chlorophyll fluorescence, the latter an indication of the concentration of microscopic photosynthetic organisms (phytoplankton) contained in the water.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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